Harnessing IoT Technologies for Precision Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review of Advancements, Applications, and Challenges

Abstract

The advent of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has unlocked new opportunities in precision farming and modern agriculture. This paper provides a detailed assessment of recent research studies exploring IoT applications within the agricultural sector. The primary objective of this review is to offer an in-depth analysis of the various technological advancements and methodologies associated with precision agriculture powered by IoT. This study presents a comprehensive synthesis of key findings and insights drawn from existing literature. It delves into the deployment of sensor networks and data acquisition techniques for real-time monitoring of critical agricultural parameters, including soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and crop health. Additionally, it evaluates the role of remote sensing technologies, such as satellite imagery and drone-based surveillance, in crop monitoring and yield estimation. The research further examines the effectiveness of resource optimization and automation strategies, particularly intelligent irrigation systems, in enhancing productivity and sustainability. A key focus of this study is the integration of IoT with Decision Support Systems (DSS), facilitating data-driven insights and recommendations for agricultural stakeholders. Moreover, the successful adoption of IoT-enabled agricultural solutions is found to be influenced by crucial aspects such as connectivity infrastructure, communication frameworks, and concerns related to data security and privacy. This review article provides valuable insights into the advancements and challenges in IoT-driven precision farming, emphasizing the need for continued research and innovation in this rapidly evolving field.